1. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
An ECG is the most basic and widely used test to check heart health. Small electrodes are placed on the chest, arms, and legs to record the electrical activity of the heart. It helps detect irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias), past heart attacks, or strain on the heart. Since it is quick, painless, and affordable, doctors often recommend it as the first step in heart checkups.
2. Echocardiogram (Echo Test)
This is an ultrasound of the heart. It uses sound waves to create a live image of the heart’s chambers, valves, and pumping strength. An echocardiogram helps in detecting valve problems, weakness of the heart muscles, congenital defects, and heart enlargement. It gives a detailed picture of how well the heart is functioning.
3. Treadmill Test (TMT or Stress Test)
In this test, the patient walks or runs on a treadmill while connected to an ECG machine. The purpose is to see how the heart performs under physical stress. It helps diagnose blockages in heart arteries, chest pain (angina), or risk of a future heart attack. Doctors often suggest this test if you complain of chest discomfort during exertion.
4. Lipid Profile Test
This is a blood test that measures cholesterol and triglyceride levels. High LDL (bad cholesterol) and low HDL (good cholesterol) are major risk factors for heart disease. Regular lipid profile tests help in assessing whether you are at risk of heart blockages and whether lifestyle or medicines are needed to keep cholesterol under control.
5. Coronary Angiography
This is an advanced test usually done when serious blockage is suspected. A contrast dye is injected into the coronary arteries through a catheter, and X-ray images are taken to see the blood flow. It shows the exact location and percentage of blockage in the arteries. Depending on the result, treatment like angioplasty or bypass surgery may be advised.
✅ Conclusion:
These 5 tests give a clear picture of heart health and help doctors detect heart problems at an early stage. Regular checkups, especially if you have risk factors like diabetes, high BP, obesity, or family history of heart disease, can save your life.
