Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is a common refractive error that affects the eyesight of many people worldwide. It is a condition in which a person can see nearby objects clearly, but objects in the distance appear blurry or unclear. Myopia is caused by an elongated eyeball or a steeply curved cornea, which causes light to focus in front of the retina instead of on it.
Myopia can develop during childhood and often progresses through adolescence, stabilizing by early adulthood. It is a condition that can affect both eyes and can be hereditary. Other factors that can contribute to the development of myopia include excessive close work, such as reading or using a computer, and lack of outdoor time.
Symptoms of myopia include difficulty seeing objects at a distance, squinting, headaches, and eye strain. If left untreated, myopia can lead to other eye problems such as amblyopia, strabismus, and glaucoma.
The diagnosis of myopia is made by an eye doctor, who will perform a comprehensive eye exam, including a visual acuity test, refraction test, and an examination of the internal structures of the eye.
Treatment options for myopia include corrective lenses, such as glasses or contact lenses, which help to refract light and bring it into focus on the retina. Laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery is also an option for people with myopia who want a more permanent solution. This surgery involves reshaping the cornea to improve the way light is focused on the retina.
In addition to these treatments, there are also strategies that can help to prevent the onset or progression of myopia. These strategies include taking frequent breaks when doing close work, spending more time outdoors, and practicing good eye hygiene.
In conclusion, myopia is a common condition that affects the eyesight of many people worldwide. It is caused by an elongated eyeball or a steeply curved cornea, and it can be hereditary. While it can be corrected with corrective lenses or surgery, it is important to take steps to prevent its onset or progression through good eye hygiene and outdoor time.
