Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP): A “Silent” Threat to Premature Babies
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a serious eye condition that can affect premature babies. It is called a silent disease because it usually shows no early symptoms, yet it can lead to permanent vision loss or blindness if not detected in time.
The first 30 days after birth are extremely critical for screening and early diagnosis.
🔍 What is ROP?
ROP occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow in the retina (the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye). These fragile vessels can bleed or cause scarring, which may pull the retina away and damage vision.
👶 Who Is at Risk?
ROP mainly affects babies who:
- Are born before 34 weeks of pregnancy
- Weigh less than 1.5 kg at birth
- Required oxygen support in the NICU
- Had infections or breathing complications after birth
⏳ Why Are the First 30 Days So Important?
- ROP usually begins developing within the first 4 weeks of life.
- There are no visible signs in early stages.
- An eye screening during this period can detect ROP before it becomes severe.
- Early treatment can prevent blindness in most cases.
⚠️ Possible Warning Signs (Usually Late Stage)
- White reflection in the pupil
- Abnormal eye movements
- Crossed eyes
By the time these signs appear, the condition may already be advanced — which is why routine screening is essential.
💉 Treatment Options
If detected early, doctors may recommend:
- Laser therapy
- Anti-VEGF injections
- Surgery (in severe cases)
Timely treatment greatly reduces the risk of permanent vision loss.
✅ Key Message for Parents
If your baby was born premature or underweight, make sure to:
- Schedule an eye check-up within the first month of life
- Follow all recommended follow-ups
- Take screening seriously, even if the baby appears healthy
